Load Capacity of Wheels and Caster Assemblies

The selection of wheels and caster assemblies is primarily based on their load capacity. Load capacity defines the maximum load a wheel or caster assembly can carry during operation. To properly choose the wheels, several important factors must be taken into account.

How to calculate load capacity?

When selecting wheels or caster assemblies based on their load capacity, we must consider their arrangement in the vehicle (choose the number K based on the drawings).

To calculate the minimum strength of a wheel or caster assembly, we use the following formula:

Load capacity of the wheel or caster

=

(vehicle weight + load carried)

K

Test Conditions

The load capacities provided in the tables are defined under the following conditions:

  • Speed: 4 km/h
  • Height of unevenness: 5% of the wheel diameter for rubber or pneumatic tires; 2.5% of the diameter for solid wheels and polyurethane tires
  • Temperature: 20°C

Wheels and caster assemblies are tested according to the standards: EN 12527, EN 12528, EN 12531, EN 12532, EN 840-5.

Factors Affecting Load Capacity

Dynamic load

Vehicle movement, especially on uneven surfaces, causes dynamic load changes.

Falls from heights

Wheels exposed to frequent drops from heights may suffer damage.

Surface unevenness

Crossing uneven surfaces can significantly reduce load capacity.

Overcoming obstacles

Frequent travel over obstacles can lead to wheel damage.

Higher speeds

Higher speeds increase dynamic loads.

Side impacts

Wheels exposed to side impacts may suffer damage.

Usage intensity

Frequent and intense usage shortens the lifespan of wheels.

To ensure the long-lasting and trouble-free operation of wheels and caster assemblies, it is important to regularly inspect their condition, lubricate them with appropriate agents (especially when operating at high temperatures), and avoid overloading and driving over uneven surfaces. Proper use and maintenance significantly increase their durability and reliability.